Phrasebook

en Big – small   »   fa ‫بزرگ – کوچک‬

68 [sixty-eight]

Big – small

Big – small

‫68 [شصت و هشت]‬

68 [shast-o-hasht]

‫بزرگ – کوچک‬

‫bozorg – koochak‬‬‬

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big and small ‫-ز--------ک‬ ‫____ و ک____ ‫-ز-گ و ک-چ-‬ ------------- ‫بزرگ و کوچک‬ 0
‫bozorg v--------k‬-‬ ‫______ v_ k_________ ‫-o-o-g v- k-o-h-k-‬- --------------------- ‫bozorg va koochak‬‬‬
The elephant is big. ‫--- -ز-گ ا--.‬ ‫___ ب___ ا____ ‫-ی- ب-ر- ا-ت-‬ --------------- ‫فیل بزرگ است.‬ 0
‫-il bo--r--a-t.-‬‬ ‫___ b_____ a______ ‫-i- b-z-r- a-t-‬-‬ ------------------- ‫fil bozorg ast.‬‬‬
The mouse is small. ‫-و- ک--ک-----‬ ‫___ ک___ ا____ ‫-و- ک-چ- ا-ت-‬ --------------- ‫موش کوچک است.‬ 0
‫-oo-h koo--ak --t.--‬ ‫_____ k______ a______ ‫-o-s- k-o-h-k a-t-‬-‬ ---------------------- ‫moosh koochak ast.‬‬‬
dark and bright ‫تاریک و ر--ن‬ ‫_____ و ر____ ‫-ا-ی- و ر-ش-‬ -------------- ‫تاریک و روشن‬ 0
‫--arik ---r-sh-n-‬‬ ‫______ v_ r________ ‫-a-r-k v- r-s-a-‬-‬ -------------------- ‫taarik va roshan‬‬‬
The night is dark. ‫-ب ---ی--است-‬ ‫__ ت____ ا____ ‫-ب ت-ر-ک ا-ت-‬ --------------- ‫شب تاریک است.‬ 0
‫-h----a--i- -st.‬‬‬ ‫____ t_____ a______ ‫-h-b t-a-i- a-t-‬-‬ -------------------- ‫shab taarik ast.‬‬‬
The day is bright. ‫رو- روش- ا-ت-‬ ‫___ ر___ ا____ ‫-و- ر-ش- ا-ت-‬ --------------- ‫روز روشن است.‬ 0
‫rooz-roshan a--.‬‬‬ ‫____ r_____ a______ ‫-o-z r-s-a- a-t-‬-‬ -------------------- ‫rooz roshan ast.‬‬‬
old and young ‫--ر-و جوان‬ ‫___ و ج____ ‫-ی- و ج-ا-‬ ------------ ‫پیر و جوان‬ 0
‫-i-----j-v-a--‬‬ ‫___ v_ j________ ‫-i- v- j-v-a-‬-‬ ----------------- ‫pir va javaan‬‬‬
Our grandfather is very old. ‫--ر--رگما- خی---پی--است-‬ ‫__________ خ___ پ__ ا____ ‫-د-ب-ر-م-ن خ-ل- پ-ر ا-ت-‬ -------------------------- ‫پدربزرگمان خیلی پیر است.‬ 0
‫p-darb-or-e--a-----i-i -------.‬‬‬ ‫_______________ k_____ p__ a______ ‫-e-a-b-o-g-m-a- k-e-l- p-r a-t-‬-‬ ----------------------------------- ‫pedarbzorgemaan kheili pir ast.‬‬‬
70 years ago he was still young. ‫-- س-- -یش-‫ا- هم--وا- بود.‬ ‫__ س__ پ__ ‫__ ه_ ج___ ب____ ‫-0 س-ل پ-ش ‫-و ه- ج-ا- ب-د-‬ ----------------------------- ‫70 سال پیش ‫او هم جوان بود.‬ 0
‫70 -a-- p----‫oo--am j-va-n boo---‬--‬ ‫__ s___ p___ ‫__ h__ j_____ b_________ ‫-0 s-a- p-s- ‫-o h-m j-v-a- b-o-.-‬-‬- --------------------------------------- ‫70 saal pish ‫oo ham javaan bood.‬‬‬‬‬
beautiful and ugly ‫زیب--و ز-ت‬ ‫____ و ز___ ‫-ی-ا و ز-ت- ------------ ‫زیبا و زشت‬ 0
‫-ib-a v- z---t-‬‬ ‫_____ v_ z_______ ‫-i-a- v- z-s-t-‬- ------------------ ‫zibaa va zesht‬‬‬
The butterfly is beautiful. ‫پ-وا---------.‬ ‫______ ز_______ ‫-ر-ا-ه ز-ب-س-.- ---------------- ‫پروانه زیباست.‬ 0
‫-------- z-b-a--.‬-‬ ‫________ z__________ ‫-a-v-n-h z-b-a-t-‬-‬ --------------------- ‫parvaneh zibaast.‬‬‬
The spider is ugly. ‫--ک-وت-زش- -س--‬ ‫______ ز__ ا____ ‫-ن-ب-ت ز-ت ا-ت-‬ ----------------- ‫عنکبوت زشت است.‬ 0
‫--ka--o----sht--s-.--‬ ‫________ z____ a______ ‫-n-a-o-t z-s-t a-t-‬-‬ ----------------------- ‫ankaboot zesht ast.‬‬‬
fat and thin ‫--- و---غر‬ ‫___ و ل____ ‫-ا- و ل-غ-‬ ------------ ‫چاق و لاغر‬ 0
‫chaa---va-l-a--ar-‬‬ ‫______ v_ l_________ ‫-h-a-h v- l-a-h-r-‬- --------------------- ‫chaagh va laaghar‬‬‬
A woman who weighs a hundred kilos is fat. ‫--------------00-ک-ل-- ----اس--‬ ‫__ ز_ ب_ و__ 1__ ک____ چ__ ا____ ‫-ک ز- ب- و-ن 1-0 ک-ل-، چ-ق ا-ت-‬ --------------------------------- ‫یک زن به وزن 100 کیلو، چاق است.‬ 0
‫-ek-za- ----a-n 1----ilo- c-a--h -s---‬‬ ‫___ z__ b_ v___ 1__ k____ c_____ a______ ‫-e- z-n b- v-z- 1-0 k-l-, c-a-g- a-t-‬-‬ ----------------------------------------- ‫yek zan be vazn 100 kilo, chaagh ast.‬‬‬
A man who weighs fifty kilos is thin. ‫-ک م------و---50-کی-و- لاغر -س-.‬ ‫__ م__ ب_ و__ 5_ ک____ ل___ ا____ ‫-ک م-د ب- و-ن 5- ک-ل-، ل-غ- ا-ت-‬ ---------------------------------- ‫یک مرد به وزن 50 کیلو، لاغر است.‬ 0
‫--k ---- -e vazn 50 ------laa--a--a-t-‬‬‬ ‫___ m___ b_ v___ 5_ k____ l______ a______ ‫-e- m-r- b- v-z- 5- k-l-, l-a-h-r a-t-‬-‬ ------------------------------------------ ‫yek mord be vazn 50 kilo, laaghar ast.‬‬‬
expensive and cheap ‫گران ----ز--‬ ‫____ و ا_____ ‫-ر-ن و ا-ز-ن- -------------- ‫گران و ارزان‬ 0
‫-er--n v- arzaan‬-‬ ‫______ v_ a________ ‫-e-a-n v- a-z-a-‬-‬ -------------------- ‫geraan va arzaan‬‬‬
The car is expensive. ‫-تو---ل-گ--ن-ا---‬ ‫_______ گ___ ا____ ‫-ت-م-ی- گ-ا- ا-ت-‬ ------------------- ‫اتومبیل گران است.‬ 0
‫o--m-bi- --ra-n a-t--‬‬ ‫________ g_____ a______ ‫-t-m-b-l g-r-a- a-t-‬-‬ ------------------------ ‫otomobil geraan ast.‬‬‬
The newspaper is cheap. ‫-و--ام- --ز-ن -ست.‬ ‫_______ ا____ ا____ ‫-و-ن-م- ا-ز-ن ا-ت-‬ -------------------- ‫روزنامه ارزان است.‬ 0
‫roo-na-----ar---n -s-.‬-‬ ‫__________ a_____ a______ ‫-o-z-a-m-h a-z-a- a-t-‬-‬ -------------------------- ‫rooznaameh arzaan ast.‬‬‬

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Code-switching

More and more people are growing up bilingual. They can speak more than one language. Many of these people often switch languages. They decide which language to use depending on the situation. For example, they speak a different language at work than at home. By doing so, they adapt themselves to their environment. But there is also the possibility of switching languages spontaneously. This phenomenon is called code-switching . In code-switching, the language gets switched in the middle of speaking. There could be many reasons why speakers switch languages. Often, they don't find the appropriate word in one language. They can express themselves better in the other language. It can also be that the speaker feels more confident in one of the languages. They use this language for private or personal things. Sometimes a certain word doesn't exist in a language. In this case the speaker must switch languages. Or they switch languages so that they aren't understood. In that case code-switching works like a secret language. Earlier, mixing languages was criticized. It was thought that the speaker couldn't speak either language correctly. Today it is viewed differently. Code-switching is recognized as a special linguistic competence. It can be interesting to observe speakers using code-switching. Often, they don't just switch the language they're speaking. Other communicative elements change as well. Many speak faster, louder or more accentuated in the other language. Or they suddenly use more gestures and facial expressions. In this way, code-switching is always a little bit of culture-switching too…